The Misadventures of the New Satan is the last novel by Estonia's greatest twentieth-century writer, Anton Hansen Tammsaare (1876–1940), and it constitutes a fitting summation of the themes that occupied him throughout his writing: the search for truth and social justice, and the struggle against corruption and greed.

Tammsaare combines a satire on the inequalities of rural life and absurdly rigid social attitudes with biblical themes, mythology, and bawdy folklore. The novel has proved to be an enduring classic of European literature.